Land & people:
    Jharkhand has been identified as tribal area.According to the 2001
     census, 26.3 % of the  population of Jharkhand constitutes tribal
     population.32 types of tribes reside in Jharkhand.  Santhal, Uraon,
    Munda, Ho are important among them.Sadans are also considered
    original  inhabitants of Jharkhand. They settled in Jharkhand centuries
     ago and have become an  integral part of the culture here.More....

    Important Tribles:
    There are 32 different types of tribes  found in Jharkhand, which are scheduled by the President, in
    Article 342 of the  Constitution. According to the 2001 census, the total population of the tribes is  
    70,87,068. It is 26.3 % of the total population of Jharkhand. The ST Population during 1991 - 2001
    has increased by 17.25 which is a higher growth rate as compared to  previous decades. Tribes of
    Jharkhand are called the "proto-austroloid" race. Griyarsan has divided the tribal languages of
    Jharkhand into two groups, Austric (Munda)  and Dravidian. Most of the tribal languages are born
    from the 'Austric' group.More.....


                                                        Social & Political institution of Adivasis:
                                                        Manjjhi or The village chief of Santhal, Mal Pahariya and Souriya
                                                        Pahariya tribes is called Manjhi. A Panchayat(Meeting) is organized
                                                        in the tribal society in order to sort out mutual quarrels and disputes.
                                                        Paun: The cash given to the son's wife (Putra wadhu) is called Paun.
                                                        Parha: Parha is formed by a cluster of five to thirty villages. Its chief
                                                        is called "Paraha Raja" (King). Pahan: The priest of Munda, Oraon
                                                        and some other tribes is called Pahan. In some areas, Baiga is
                                                        used instead of Pahan. Sardar: In the Pahariya tribe, the chief of a
                                                        group of villages is declared as the "Sardar". Baiga: The priests of
                                                        the districts of Ranchi. Palamau and Latehar are called Baiga.
                                                        Especially the priests of Oraon, Asur, Birajiya, Chero, Kharwar and
                                                        Pahadiya tribes are called "Baiga".More.....


    Folk Dance & Folk Songs:
    The Chhotanagpur region. as the southern part of the state is known as, gave birth to an entirely
    different kind of dance form that has martial art as its main element. Known as Chhau. this dunce form
    may have developed in connection with worshipping of  Dharnia Tbakur, an omnipotent deity. It is now
    performed as a ritualistic Must,  during the last days of Chance month (April) to invoke blessings of
    Lord Shiva and  Shakti for a bountiful harvest. The dancers normally impersonate a character ~ ining
    inexpressive and mute.More.....

    Fairs & Festivals:
    Sohrai of the Santhals is celebrated with grand  festivity. It is preceded by Dansai. Dansai coincides
    with Durga Puja while Sohrai is  celebrated immediately after Diwali or Kali Puja. Dansai is a dance
    festival. though not an elaborate  ritual function. A small ritualistic act is observed  before the dance
    begins at akhara. Sohrai is known for the care of domestic animals  such as cows and buffaloes.
    Since theca animals. Sarhul is the spring festival where sal tree and leaves play an important role.
    More....

    Marriage System:
    Tribals of Jharkhand marry within their own caste. Marriage
     within the same clan (gotra) is prohibited. Single marriage
    system (monogamy) is generally prevalent in tribes. "Tudaki
    Dipil Wapala" is an established norm among tribes. In this
     system, the groom brings home his bride and then marries
    her.There are many types of Marriages: Purchase Marriage-
     In this marriage, the bridegroom has to give wealth to the
    parents or relatives of the bride in order to marry her.  This
     system is mainly prevalent in "Munda", "Santhal", "Ho",
     "Oraon"," Khadiya" etc.  Purchase marriage in Santhali is
    called "Sadai Bapla". In the Munda tribe, the money given for wife is called "Kuri Gonong". Purchase
    marriage in Ho-tribe is known as "Andi".  Khadiya tribe calls this marriage "Asali Vivah" (pure marriage
    ). In Birhor tribe, this marriage is called "Sadar Bapla". More....

    Taboo & Totem:
    Taboos are social prohibitions, orders. There are lot of rituals in it. The power and importance of
    Taboo is equal to law in the tribe and its violation is  considered a serious social and religious offence.
    Taboo is found not only in tribes of  Jharkhand but also in every race in the world. There is a provision
    of taboo in the  social structure of every tribe. This taboo may be in eating and drinking, in marriages  
    and in physical relationships. Tribals believe that the supernatural forces punish those  who do not
    follow the norms of taboo. That is why, they observe it with great caution.  Taboos prevalent among
    tribes are given below:(i) Their totem is very  respectable. Thus, it is prohibited to either destroy or
    disturb it. (ii) Marriage in the same gotra is prohibited because physical relationship in the same clan
    (gotra) is strictly forbidden. (iii) Santhali women are prohibited from going to the "Manjhisthan". (iv)
    Women of "Ho" 'Yibe are forbidden to cultivate or touch the plough. (v) Women of  the ": india" tribe
    do not plant paddy. They are forbidden from climbing the roof.More....


    Sadan:
    Sadans constitute around 60% of the total population  of
    Jharkhand. Generally, non-tribals are called Sadan but in actuality
     it is not so because all non-tribals are not Sadan. Sadans are the
     original non-tribal people of Jharkhand.According to the origin of  
    words, the word Sadan is a word of the Nagpuri language. Sadan,
    like Adivasis are also original inhabitants of Jharkhand. They
    settled down in Jharkhand centuries ago and have become an
    integral part of the culture of Jharkhand.  It is believed that Sadan
    made their entry in Jharkhand since ancient times.More....
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Chuman of Cow During
Sarhul Festival