Jharkhand has a concentration of some of the country’s highly industrialized cities such as
         Jamshedpur, Ranchi, Bokaro and Dhanbad. It also has several firsts in India, including:

    * Largest fertilizer factory of its time in India (since shut down) at Sindri
    * First Iron & steel factory at Jamshedpur
    * Largest Steel plant in Asia, Bokaro steel plant.
    * Biggest explosives factory at Gomia
    * First methane gas well
     On the other hand, it has several towns and innumerable villages with sub-standard civic amenities.
    Urbanization ratio is only 22.25% and the per capita annual income is only US$ 90.

    Jharkhand also has immense mineral resources: minerals ranging from (ranking in the country within
    bracket) from iron ore (1st), coal (3rd), copper ore (1st), mica (1st), bauxite (3rd), Manganese,
    limestone, china clay, fire clay, graphite (8th), kainite (1st), chromite (2nd), asbestos (1st), thorium
    (3rd), sillimanite, uranium (Jaduguda mines, Narwa Pahar) (1st) and even gold (Rakha mines) (6th) and
    silver and several other minerals. Large deposits of coal and iron ore support concentration of industry,
    in centers like Jamshedpur, Bokaro and Ranchi. Tata Steel, a S&P CNX 500 conglomerate has its
    corporate office in Jharkhand. It reported a gross income of Rs.204,910 million for 2005.

    Coal Industry:
    In view of the production and deposits of Coal,
     Jharkhand is a leading state. The state produces 33 %
     of the total prodution of Coal in the country. Both,
     Bituminous and Anthracite Coals are available here.
    In Jharkhand, Coal is found in the Gondwana rocks of
     the Carboniferous Age. Washed Coal is used the
     maximum in the Steel industry. "Koyla Dhowanshala
    Kendra" (Washeries) have been established in Kargali,
     Dugdha, Giddi, Pathardih, Kathara, Jamadoba,
    Govindpur, Sudamdih, etc. in Jharkhand.

    TISCO :
    It is located on the confluence of the Swarnekha and Kharkhai Rivers in Jamshedpur and is
     India’s   first Iron and Steel Industry . It was founded in the year 1907 but production began in
    1911. It is one of the big Industries of the nation. It obtains iron ore from Noamundi , Kiriburu ,
    Badam Pahar and Gua . coal is obtained from Jharia and West Bokaro and Limestone is
    obtained from Orissa. It is situated in between the iron ore and coal belts. Its name has been
    changed to Tata Steel.

    Bokaro Steel Plant :
    This plant was established during the third Five Year Plan in collaboration with Russia .
     Production began in 1972. It is ranked among the big plants of Asia. It functions under SAIL. It
    obtains Coal from local areas .Iron ore is obtained from Orissa and Madhya Pradesh. Limestone
    is obtained from Madhya Pradesh.Both the companies together produce 53 tonnes of Steel.

    Copper Industry :
    The Copper plant of Jharkhand is established in Ghatshila and is controlled by the Indian
     Copper Corporation. The Copper produced here is mainly used in making Brass. Its demand is
    there in the electrical industry too. Here, there is an annual production of 2000 tonnes of dry
    Copper. India's first mine of Copper was established in 1924 at Ghatshila, the East Singhbhum
    district.

    Aluminium Industry :
    Aluminium is the metal of the 20th century because it is used in electrical wires, in the body of
    railway coaches, aircrafts and cars, household utensils, packing materials and medicines etc.
    The Aluminium produced in the state is sent to various parts of the country where sheets of
     Aluminium are prepared.Muri in Jharkhand has a famous Aluminium factory. Indian Aluminium
    Company Limited (INDAL) established it in 1938. It is the second oldest factory of India. This
    factory is connected by railway as well as by road.

    Engineeing Industry:
    Heavy Engineering Corporation was established in 1958 at Hatia in the Ranchi district. Pandit
    Jawahar Nehru called it the "Temple of modern industry".HEC has three main units
                    (a) Foundary Forge Plants : Installed with the aid of Czechoslovakia.
                    (b) Heavy Machine Building Plant : Installed with the aid of USSR.
                    (c) Heavy Machine Tools Plants : Installed with the aid of Czechoslovakia.

    Glass Industry:
    It was established at Bhurkunda near Patratu in the Hazaribagh district. It is famous for "Indo
    Asian" glass.

    Refractory Industry :
             Dhaman Bhatti Blast Furnace refractory bricks are produced in this factory. Its   factories are         
             located in Kumardhubi, Chirkunda, Jharia, Nirsa, Chas, Ranchi Road etc.Its  production capacity
             is 1.6 lakh tonnes. It obtains Bauxite from Lohardaga, Coal from Damodar Valley Coal Belt and
             electricity from Damodar Valley Corporation. Jharkhand contributes more  than 16 % of the
             Alumina produced in the country.

    Cement Industry:
    Two important raw materials of the Cement Industry are Limestone and Coal. The means and raw
    materials required in the Cement Industry are available in abundance in  Jharkhand. Thus, the
    industry has a good reason to thrive.  The Cement Factories of Jharkhand are established at
    Jhinkpani (Chaibasa, West Singhbhum), Sindri (Dhanbad), Jamshedpur (West Singhbhum),
    Khelari (Ranchi),  Demotand (Hazaribagh), and Bokaro etc.  The availability of Limestone and
    Coal in Jharkhand is the main reason for the establishment of this industry. The remnants from
    the Fertilizer Industry in Sindri are used in producing Cement. In Jhinkpani, the local Limestone
    and remnants from the Steel industry are used in making Cement.  Lafarge Cement of
    Jamshedpur is totally dependent on the remnants obtained from the Iron and Steel Industry.
    The factories established at Jhinkpani and Jamshedpur are the only two factories that completely
    utilize their capacity. The productions of other factories are much below their capacity. Khelari
    Cement Plant was established by ACC.

    Silk Industry :
    Jharkhand is a leading State in the production of Tusser Silk. The district of Singhbhum, Santhal
    Paraganas, Hazaribagh, Palamau, Dhanbad and Ranchi are the main producers of Tusser Silk.

    Tobacco Industry :
    In Jharkhand, the tobacco industry mainly consists of the Bidi industry. This industry has
    developed in Saraikela, Chaibasa, Jamshedpur, Chakradharpur etc.

    Explosives Industry :
    A foreign company, ICI established this factory in Gomia.

    Cotton Industry :
    This industry has not been established on a large scale. At present, a Cotton factory is  being
    run at Ormanjhi in the Ranchi district. The Chotanagpur Regional Handloom Weavers Society is
    running another Cotton factory.
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           Industries of Jharkhand