The 28th state of the Indian Union was brought into existence by the Bihar reorganization Act
    on November 15,2000- the birth anniversary of the legendary Bhagwan Birsa Munda.
    Jharkhand is famous for its rich mineral resources like Uranium, Mica, Bauxite, Granite, Gold,
    Silver, Graphite, Magnetite, Dolomite, Fire clay, Quartz, Fieldspar, Coal (32% of India), Iron,
    Copper (25%of India) etc. Forests and woodlands occupy more than 29% of the state which is
    amongst the highest in India.

    Population                          2,69,09,428
    Male Population                 1,38,61,277
    Female Population             1,30,48,151
    Per Capita Income              Rs. 4161.00
    Density of Population         338 persons / Sq. KM
    No. of Districts                    22
    No. Of Sub divisions           35
    No. Of Blocks                      212
    No. Of  Villages                   32620
    No. Of Villages Electrified   14667  (45 % of total)
    No. Of Villages connected by roads 8484
    National Highways               1006 Kms
    State Highways                    4662 Kms
    Health Centers                    506
    Schools                               21386
    Universities 5 Incl. One Deemed University
    Total Geographical Area     79.70 Lakh Hect
    Cultivable Land                   38.00 Lakh Hect
    Net Sown Area                    18.04 Lakh Hect  (25% of total area)
    Net Irrigated Area                01.57 Lakh Hect  (8% of net shown area)
    Forest                                 29% of total area

    Birth of the State  

    The region enshrouded in the hills and forests inaccessible to a large segment of people. The
    tribes of this state are living here from thousands of years and not much changed in their life
    and culture over the ages baring last few decades. Many scholars now believe that the
    language used by tribes in the state of Jharkhand is identical to the one used by Harappan
    people. This has led to a great interest in the deciphering of Harappan inscriptions using rock
    paintings and language used by these tribes.

    For a greater part of Vedic age, Jharkhand remained obscured. During the age of
    Mahajanpadas around 500 BC, India saw the emergence of 16 large states who controlled the
    entire Indian subcontinent. The supremacy of the janpads were often decided by the power of
    swords and bows and ax and other weapons. The region around Jharkhand was extremely rich
    in its mineral resources including iron and the janpad that controlled this region, Magadha,
    eventually controlled most of the country. The power of Magadha continued to occupy central
    state in Indian subcontinent for a long time and saw the emergence of mighty empires such as
    Mauryas and Guptas. After the end of last big Hindu empire of Guptas, India saw emergence of
    a number of numerous regional powers who tried to control this region. Same was the case
    with Muslim Sultans of Delhi and their feudatory's in Bengal, who tried to control this mineral-
    rich area. British identified this region as a great source of raw material for their booming
    industries back home and to exploit the region to its full potential, established a vast network of
    railway line. Calcutta was developed as a major port to export raw materials from this region to
    England.

    Birsa Munda (1875-1900)and Sidho and Kanho are the legendary heroes of the trials of this
    state who fought against the oppressive rule of the British government. Birsa Munda, now
    regarded as god, fought for the tribals natural right over forests and land that was mercilessly
    being acquired by the British for exploitation. After a long fight, Birsa Munda was captured by
    the British authorities and died in prison. Sidho and Kanho were another set of revolutionaries
    among the tribals, now regarded as a tribal heroes.

    For a long time, Jharkhand remained as a part of Bihar, but after Indian independence, the
    demand for a separate state of tribals started gaining momentum. In the last fifty years, the
    tribes of this region fought against the hegemony of Northern Bihar, a region that gained from
    the mineral deposits of this region like anything. Jharkhand became a state under the Republic
    of India on November 15, 2000 and now it is poised for a great leap forward.
                                             
                                      
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    •     Jharkhand is situated in the lap of nature, surrounded by hills and forests.
    •     Jharkhand was born after separating 46 % land from the Bihar State.
    •     Considering its geographical structure, climate, natural minerals, trees and plants and tribal
           population, Jharkhand holds an important place in the country.
    •     It is located in the northeast of Gondwana Land.
    •     Jharkhand land was created by the rocks of the Archean age. Granite, nees, shist, basalt and
           quartzite are important among them.
    •     The western part of Jharkhand is located at the highest point and is called "Pat pradesh".
           Although the highest point of Jharkhand is the peak of the "Parasnath" hills. Its height is 1365
          meters.
    •     Jharkhand land has tropical monsoon type of climate.
    •     Natural plantation of Jharkhand is of autumn defoliation type, which is kept in the category of
          tropical monsoon defoliation forests.
    •     Forests cover 29.61 % of the total area of Jharkhand.
    •     Jharkhand is known not only in India but also all over the
          world for its rich mineral resources.
    •     Due to the abundance of mineral resources in this state,
          it is called the "Rhur Pradesh" of India.
    •     Coal is the most important energy resource found here.
          Jharkhand contains over 95 % of the coal used for making
          coke.
    •     Water resource is a boon of nature without which the
          development of organic substances is not  possible. The
          total water resource of Jharkhand is 28781-million cubic
          meter of which 82.7 % is surface water and 17.3 % is
          ground water.
    •     Agriculture is the main base of the economy of Jharkhand. 75 % of its population is engaged in
           agriculture.
    •     The agriculture of Jharkhand is mainly dependent on monsoon, as irrigation farilin is available in
           approx 11% of cultivable land. Thus, the saying that Jharkhand's agriculture is a gamble with
           Monsoons is almost correct.
    •     Jharkhand is known in the whole of India for its tribal population. Actually, since the very
           beginning, Jharkhand has been identified as a tribal area.
    •     According to the 2001 census, 26.3 % of the population of Jharkhand constitutes tribal
          population.
    •     32 types of tribes reside in Jharkhand. Santhal, Uraon, Munda, Ho are important among them.
    •     Sadans are also considered original inhabitants of Jharkhand. They settled in Jharkhand
          centuries ago and have become an integral part of the culture here. They constitute 60 % of the
           total population of the state.
    •     Maximum population of Jharkhand comprises of Hindus. Muslims and Christians rank second and
           third respectively. Tribal population constitute 26.3% of the population of the state.
    •     The official language of Jharkhand is Hindi. Bengali and Santhali have been giew the status of
           second language.
Bhagwan Birsa
Munda
    Crocodile at the Crocodile Park
 About Jharkhand